TECHNOLOGY AND INFORMATICS IN
EDUCATION
HIGH LEVEL QUESTIONS
Prepared by
Sabarish-P
M.Sc, M.Ed, JRF & NET
1)
What is
e-content authoring tool?
An e-content authoring tool is a software package which
developers use to create and package e-learning content deliverable to end
users.
An e-content authoring tool is a software application used
to create multimedia content typically for delivery on the World Wide Web. Content-authoring
tools may also create content in other file formats so the training can be
delivered on a CD (compact disc) or in other formats for various different
uses. The category of content-authoring tools includes HTML, Flash, and various
types of e-learning authoring tools.
Many programs can be considered authoring tools, including
Flash, and PowerPoint. However, only a small group of programs specifically
include support for e-learning content standards such as SCORM (Shareable
Content Object Reference Model) or AICC (CBT) (Aviation Industry CBT
Committee).
Examples:Articulate Storyline, Composica, Adobe Authorware and Camtasia.
2)
Differentiate
CAI & CMI?
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CAI
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CMI
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1) CAI means Computer
Assisted Instruction
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1) CMI means Computer Managed
Instruction
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2)
CAI, is the use of a computer to provide
instruction.
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2) CMI is simply the
use of computers in the management of instruction and educational
administration.
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3)
Computer-assisted instruction (CAI) is an
interactive instructional technique whereby a computer is used to present the
instructional material and monitor the learning that takes place
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3) Computer-managed
instruction is an instructional strategy whereby the computer is used to
provide learning objectives, learning resources, record keeping, progress
tracking, and assessment of learner performance
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4) Use of computer mainly in the
area of providing instructions and learning experiences.
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4) Use of computer in the areas
of setting objectives, diagnosing entry behavior, providing learning
experiences, evaluation, monitoring
and management.
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5) CAI
is concerned with the use of computers to mediate in the flow of information
in the learning process. This information is stored in the computer and is
made available to the learner rapidly and readily.
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5) Can refer either to
the use of computers by school staff to organize students’ data and make
instructional decisions or to activities, in which the computer evaluates
students' test performance, guides them to appropriate instructional
resources, and keeps records of their progress.
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3)
What are the
different types of softwares?
Or What is Application software and system software?
The
term software refers to the set of electronic program instructions or
data a computer processor reads in order to perform a task or operation.
There are two
main types of software: systems software and application
software.
1)
Systems Software
Systems
software includes the programs that are dedicated to managing the computer
itself, such as the operating system, file management utilities, and disk operating
system (DOS).
Example: Windows
XP, Windows 7, 8, UBUNTU, LINUX MINT, etc..
2)
Application Software
Application software, or simply
applications, enable the user to complete tasks such as creating documents,
spreadsheets, databases, and publications, do online search, send email, create
graphics, run businesses, and even play games!!!!
Application
software is specific to the task it is designed for and can be as simple as a
calculator application or as complex as a word processing application.
Example for application softwares: Microsoft Word/Power point, Open
office impress, GIMP, AUDACITY, KDENLIVE, TUPI, Adobe photoshop, illustrator,
pagemaker, various media players
etc..
4) How can e-learning address different domains
of learning?
Most e-learning courses are developed to build cognitive
skills; the cognitive domain is the
most suitable for e-learning. Within the cognitive domain,
thinking skills may require more
interactive e-learning activities because those skills are
learned better “by doing”.
Learning in the interpersonal domain can also be addressed
in e-learning by using specific methods. For
example, interactive role playing with appropriate feedback
can be used to change attitudes and behaviours. Hence it can address the
affective domain also.
The drill & practice characteristic of e-learning can
be used for development of various skills also. Hence it can address the
psychomotor domain also.
5) What are the
different approaches/patterns of e-learning?
There are two general approaches to e-learning: self-paced and facilitated/instructor-led. Self-paced learners are alone and
completely independent, while facilitated and instructor-led e-learning courses
provide different levels of support from tutors and instructors and
collaboration among learners.
6) What are the
components of e-learning?
E-learning content can include:
- simple learning resources;
- interactive e-lessons;
- electronic simulations;
- E-tutoring, e-coaching, e-mentoring
- Online learning
- Virtual classroom
- Animations,
graphics, etc
7) How can you enhance the quality of
e-content ?
The quality of an
e-learning course is enhanced by:
- Learner-centred content:
E-learning curricula should be relevant and specific to learners.
- Granularity/make it in modules:
E-learning content should be segmented to facilitate assimilation of new
knowledge and to allow flexible scheduling of time for learning.
- Engaging/motivating content:
Instructional methods and techniques should be used creatively to develop
an engaging and motivating learning experience.
- Interactivity: Frequent learner
interaction is needed to sustain attention and promote learning.
- Personalization: Self-paced
courses should be customizable to reflect learners’ interests and needs;
in instructor‑led courses, tutors and facilitators should be
able to follow the learners’ progress and performance
- Make it Techno friendly: Able to
use in various devices.
8) What are the different stages in developing an
e-content?
five stages: Analysis, Design,
Development, Implementation and Evaluation
1 - Analysis
Analysis is needed in
- Analyzing
the Target audience
- Determining
the course content
- Characteristics
of the learners (e.g. their previous knowledge and skills, )
- Access
to technology.
- Topic
analysis is carried out to identify and classify the course content.
2 - Design
The design stage
encompasses the following activities:
>> formulating a set of learning objectives required to
achieve the general, high-level course objective;
>> defining the order in which the objectives should be
achieved ; and
>> selecting instructional, media, evaluation and delivery
strategies.
3 - Development
In this stage, the
e-learning content is actually produced. The content can vary considerably,
depending on the available resources. The development of multimedia interactive
content is comprised of three main steps:
>> content
development: writing or collecting all the
required knowledge and information;
>> storyboard
development: integrating instructional
methods (all the pedagogical elements needed to support the learning process)
and media elements. This is done by developing the storyboard, a document that
describes all the components of the final interactive products, including
images, text, interactions, assessment tests; and
>> courseware
development: developing media and
interactive components, producing the course in different formats for CD-Rom
and Web delivery and integrating the content elements into a learning platform
that learners can access.
4 - Implementation
At this stage the course is
delivered to learners. The courseware is installed on a server and made
accessible for learners. In facilitated and instructor-led courses, this stage
includes managing and facilitating learners’ activities.
5 - Evaluation
An e-learning project can
be evaluated for specific evaluation purposes. We can evaluate learners’ reactions, the achievement
of learning objectives, the transfer of job‑related knowledge and skills, and the impact of the project
on the organization.
9) What are the tools used for e-learning ? OR
What are the
technologies used for e-learning ?
E-learning
makes use of many technologies - some of which have been developed specifically
for it, whilst others conveniently complemented the learning process, for
example computer games. Communication technologies are also widely used in
e-learning. Starting with the use of email and instant messaging, message
forums and social networks, we see a lot of tools that any internet user would
use in any case. There are word processing packages and HTML editors can be
used effectively.
The
most common tools are:
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e-mail based tools
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discussion forums
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wikis and other shared writing/editing tools
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blogs
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webcasting
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chat and instant messaging (IM)
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polling
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whiteboard and screen-sharing tools
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application sharing
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audio and video conferences
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Synchronous tools
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Asynchronous tools
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>Chat and IM
> Video and audio conference
> Live webcasting
> Application sharing
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> E-mail
> Discussion forum
> Wiki
> Blog
> Webcasting
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10) How will you evaluate/Validate an e-content?
E-content
can be evaluated/validated on the following standards
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Technologically Friendly so as to be downloaded and used on any computer
either independently or in a LAN situation.
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Learner Friendly for easy navigation.
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Learner Centric to be useful in self-instructional mode.
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Teacher Friendly so as to be used in various teaching-learning methods such
as classroom lectures, tutoring to a group, lab session etc.
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Self-evaluation: It should include formative as well as summative
evaluation.
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Interesting, motivating and relevant.
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Technical validity is to be ensured with the help of computer experts and
content validity to be ensured with the help of subject experts.
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It should be based on psychological principles of learning.
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Can be validated using different rating scales available.
11) IMPORTANT
SOFTWARES FOR STUDY AT A GLANCE
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Software
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Use
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KOMPOSER
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KompoZer is a complete Webpage Authoring System that combines web file management and
easy-to-use WYSIWYG (What-You-See-Is-What-You-Get) web page editing program.
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MOODLE
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Moodle is a software package for producing Internet-based courses.
Moodle (abbreviation for Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment) is a free
source e-learning software platform.
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SKYPE
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Software used
for Video calling, video/Audio teleconferencing etc.
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SUNCLOCK
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Sunclock is a
software application that delineates the countries
experiencing day or night at a given time on a world map using light and
shade
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KSTAR
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K-Star is free, open source Astronomy software. It provides an accurate graphical simulation of the night sky, from any location of the
earth, at any date and time.
The display includes up to 100 million stars, 13000 deep
sky objects, all 8 planets, the Sun and Moon, and thousand of comets and
asteroids.
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MICROSOFT
OFFICE POWERPOINT
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Software for
making presentations.
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OPEN OFFICE
IMPRESS
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Free Software
for making presentations
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GIMP
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GNU Image Manipulation
Program is
an image retouching and
editing tool and free and
open-source software.
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AUDACITY
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Audacity is a free digital
audio editor and recording application
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KDENLIVE
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Kdenlive is a powerful multi-track video editor, including most recent
video technologies
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TUPI
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Tupi is a design and authoring tool
for 2D Animation.
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Best wishes!
For more B.Ed/M.Ed notes visit sabarishedn.blogspot.com
