This is an Educational blog maintained by SABARISH P, (MSc Physics, MEd, NET), Assistant Professor in Physical Science Education. Contact : pklsabarish@gmail.com

Wednesday 20 August 2014

Science curricular projects-B.Ed. Notes


         Science curricular projects in abroad-B.Ed Notes     
Prepared by
SABARISH-P
M.Sc., M.Ed., JRF & NET
Lecturer in Physical Science, Arafa Institute for Teacher Education
Attur, Thrissur.

The period after 1960 has seen a lot of curricular innovations. New courses were first produced in U.S.A and United Kingdom.                                      The major curricular reforms in Physical Science are                                                                                                      
1) Physical Science Study Committee project (PSSC)
    
2) Chemical Education Material Study (CHEM Study)
   
3) Chemical Bond Approach (CBA)


PSSC project.
     
        The PSSC project was meant to improve Physics teaching at school level. This course has been offered as an alternative to the traditional Physics course. The main component
of this programme is the laboratory, in which students gain first hand experiences in
discovering and verifying physical phenomena. The course concentrates on fewer facts
than are usually included in elementary Physics Course.
                 
        The P.S.S.C course consists of 4 closely inter-related parts. The first is the general introduction to the fundamental physical notions of time, space and matter. This is followed by a study of light, both optics and waves; a study of motion from a dynamical point of view; and a study of electricity and Physics of the atom.
     
         The PSSC Physics programme has developed a textbook,; a laboratory guide with
 experiments; simplified low cost apparatus in kit form; 54 films; which set the tones and
 standards for the course; achievement tests; and teachers guide which provide background material for class and laboratory activities

CHEM study.
 Chem study originated in 1960 at United States J.A Campbell was the project Director.
 Chem Study employs inductive approach in which practical work precedes theory. The
 main objectives of the course are
          
1) To diminish the separation between Scientist and teachers in the understanding of Science.
     
2) To stimulate and prepare those high school students who planned to continue the 
study of Chemistry in College in preparation for a professional career.
     
The materials produced under this project consists of a text, laboratory manual ,
teachers guide, two self instruction programmes two series of achievement tests, 26 basic films and 27 teacher training films.
     
     
Chemical Bond Approach (CBA)

      CBA course was originated in 1959. Lawrence Strong was the founder of this project. In CBA theory precedes practical work, ie, it is deductive in approach. Important texts are Chemical system and investigating Chemical system. The concept of bonding forms the central theme in C.B.A. The whole course is planned in such a manner that experiments suggest the ideas to be tested and ideas to be tested suggest the experiments to be setup.